Application of the AIHA IH-Decision-Making Framework and Process Model

Ernest N. Morial New Orleans Convention Center 

This research applies the AIHA Industrial Hygiene (IH) Decision-making Framework and Process model, as outlined by Jahn et al. (2015), to additive manufacturing (AM), often generally referred to as 3D-printing, through selective laser sintering (SLS) using polymeric-based powders (e.g., commonly nylon, such as Polyamide 2200 (PA-12)). We summarize the available information and identify knowledge gaps for the four key risk assessment steps: 1) hazard assessment, 2) exposure assessment, 3) risk characterization, and 4) risk management. SLS falls under a broader category of AM called powder bed fusion (PBF), which builds parts layer by layer by fusing powder particles using a heat source, such as a laser. This emerging technology has many advantages compared to traditional manufacturing, including high precision, advanced fabrication, and reduced use of precursor materials. However, the occupational hazards and exposure potential to workers are highly variable and not well understood. Particularly in R&D settings, SLS may pose unique exposure scenarios to workers due to the potential for novel processes, variable selection of feedstock materials that may involve mixtures, reuse of feedstock powders, and relatively increased product handling. While SLS and AM technologies continue to evolve, IH and OEHS practitioners can benefit from going through the risk assessment steps to identify potential knowledge gaps and inform the development of risk management plans.

M. Nembhard, Insight Exposure & Risk Sciences Group, Atlanta, GA, USA
B. Simmons, Insight Exposure & Risk Sciences Group, San Francisco Bay Area, CA, USA
R. Zisook, Insight Exposure & Risk Sciences Group, San Francisco Bay Area, CA, USA 

None 

Aerosol and airborne particulate monitoring

Exposure Assessment

Risk assessment and management