Structural Alteration of Salience Network in the Elderly Population with Exercise Dependence
Poster No:
366
Submission Type:
Abstract Submission
Authors:
Feifei Zhang1, Yaming Cao2
Institutions:
1First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tai Yuan, shanxi, 2Zhongbei University, Tai Yuan, shanxi
First Author:
Co-Author:
Introduction:
Exercise guidelines inspire middle-aged and older persons to exercise more for health benefits. Nevertheless, excessive physical activity manifests physiological and psychological symptoms, commonly called exercise dependence. Numerous studies have indicated that depression can potentially serve as a psychological determinant that contributes to the development of exercise dependence. However, the precise brain pathways underlying exercise dependence and depression in older individuals remain unclear.
Methods:
A total of 79 participants with exercise dependence symptoms and 54 regular-exercised healthy participants without symptoms were selected for this study. First, paper-based questionnaires were employed to assess the individuals' overall conditions and symptoms of exercise dependence. Then the non-negative matrix factorization and the Kullback–Leibler divergence-based similarity were used to identify structural networks, and a two-sample T-test was used to determine the group difference. Finally, the Partial correlation and mediation analysis were used to analyze the relationship between structural networks, exercise dependence, and depression.
Results:
The present results revealed the gray matter volume (GMV) and inner structural connections of the salience network were significantly increased in the group with exercise dependent symptoms, and this change mainly reflects three characteristics of exercise dependence: tolerance, conflict, and time. Besides, the results found the GMV of salience network was positively related to depression. More importantly, depression mediated the effect of GMV of the salience network and exercise dependence.
Conclusions:
The main finding of the present study was the increased GMV of the salience network in the elderly with exercise dependence symptoms. The function of the salience network is to evaluate various temptations from the external world, mark external stimuli and internal events, and then transmit information to the control or default mode network (Goulden et al., 2014). Thus, the increased GMV of the salience network may indicate that individuals are more likely to recognize and capture temptation information. In the present study, increased structural connections were found between the insular, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and striatum. Both insular and ACC reflect the roles of impulse and inhibition in dependent behavior (Hare, Camerer, & Rangel, 2009; Turel, He, Brevers, & Bechara, 2018). These findings may to some extent indicate the functional information transmission of impulsive behavior, storing the pleasure and stimulation after a single action as memory, and the pleasurable memory will continue to stimulate individuals to engage in impulsive behavior again, ultimately leading to addictive behavior.
Our findings suggested that age-related behavioral addiction may have distinct neural structural patterns. In older adults, an increase in the structure of salient networks may enhance participants' impulse and reward cravings for exercise behavior, as well as their ability to perceive emotions such as depression. The salience network may be an appropriate target for preventing and treating exercise dependence in the elderly.
Our findings suggested that age-related behavioral addiction may have distinct neural structural patterns. In older adults, an increase in the structure of salient networks may enhance participants' impulse and reward cravings for exercise behavior, as well as their ability to perceive emotions such as depression. The salience network may be an appropriate target for preventing and treating exercise dependence in the elderly.
Disorders of the Nervous System:
Psychiatric (eg. Depression, Anxiety, Schizophrenia) 1
Education, History and Social Aspects of Brain Imaging:
Education, History and Social Aspects of Brain Imaging
Emotion, Motivation and Social Neuroscience:
Reward and Punishment 2
Higher Cognitive Functions:
Executive Function, Cognitive Control and Decision Making
Modeling and Analysis Methods:
Connectivity (eg. functional, effective, structural)
Keywords:
Addictions
MRI
Other - Non-negative matrix factorization
1|2Indicates the priority used for review
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[2] TUREL O, HE Q, BREVERS D, et al. Delay discounting mediates the association between posterior insular cortex volume and social media addiction symptoms [J]. Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience, 2018, 18(4): 694-704.
[3] HARE T A, CAMERER C F, RANGEL A. Self-control in decision-making involves modulation of the vmPFC valuation system [J]. Science (New York, NY), 2009, 324(5927): 646-8.