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Electric Brain Activity changes on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Poster No:

Submission Type:

Abstract Submission

Authors:

Barbara Hernandez¹

Institutions:

¹Cuban Neuroscience Center, Havana, Havana

First Author:

Barbara Hernandez
Cuban Neuroscience Center
Havana, Havana

Introduction:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the third more common neurodegenerative disorder, it is targeting the motor neuron system required for voluntary movement. Progressive degeneration of a large proportion of upper and lower somatic motor neurons leads to spasticity, muscle atrophy and weakness. It is fatal at 3-5 years post-diagnosis, paralysis of respiratory muscles and subsequent respiratory dysfunction is the cause of death. The first research which applied EEG technique to ALS patients was done by Guillain y col. in 1943, at this time they did not report any significance abnormality. With the advances of EEG, it has been used more frequently in neurosciences research; it is an innocuous technique, low cost and represents a real time evaluation method, there are numerous papers on this field; the results have been contradictories. For all reasons we decide to apply for first time in our country these EEG analysis method in the evaluation of ALS group of patients. We purposed to show abnormalities of brain electric activity on a group of ALS patients through EEG methods.

Methods:

A total of 45 ALS patients and 30 healthy subjects were recruited. Resting state EEG recordings were obtained using standard guidelines, according to the international 10–20 system, referenced to linked earlobes.
We used CROSS spectral, broad band measures and generators analysis. Through connectivity analysis we evaluated: correlation, real coherency, imaginary coherency, phase locking value (PLV), rho index, directionality phase indexes (DPI), synchronization likehood (SL) , Ganger causality, so mutual information (MI) and entropy transference .
For statistical analysis we compared narrow band, wide band and generators analysis parameters between ALS and healthy subject groups, through t- test. A regression analysis was done, with the aim of explore the relation between qEEG parameters and disease duration and ALSFRS-R score. For statistical analysis of connectivity parameters Wilcoxon test was applied with multiple comparison tests, alfa error fixed at 0.05.

Results:

ALS patients showed global diminished of spectral power of alfa band and increase of spectral power of theta and delta band focally in relation with healthy subjects. ALS patients showed global decrease of alfa broad band measures and increase of delta, theta and beta bands measures. We observed that ALS patients had an increase of source generators of delta (on centro-temporal areas), theta (on fronto-centro-temporal areas) and beta bands (on centro-parietal areas). As disease duration increases and clinical symptoms get worse all parameter were deteriorate.
All of connectivity parameters appeared increased on ALS patients.

·Statistical significance from comparison of functional connectivity parameters between ALS and healthy subjects. Notice all of them are increased on ALS patients

·Statistical comparison of spectral power parameters between ALS patients and healthy subjects

Conclusions:

ALS patients showed increase of SP of the alfa band globally, increase on delta, theta and beta bands focally. AP, RP and MF delta, theta and beta were increase, while AP and RP of alfa band were decrease. Those abnormalities were highest when disease duration increased and when clinic score got worse. ALS patients showed increase of generators of delta on centro-temporal areas, theta on fronto-centro-temporal and beta band on centro-parietal areas. All of measures of connectivity indicated electric activity hypersynchronization on frontal electrodes.

Disorders of the Nervous System:

Neurodegenerative/ Late Life (eg. Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s) ¹

Modeling and Analysis Methods:

Connectivity (eg. functional, effective, structural)

EEG/MEG Modeling and Analysis ²

Novel Imaging Acquisition Methods:

EEG

Keywords:

Degenerative Disease

Electroencephaolography (EEG)

Source Localization

^1|2Indicates the priority used for review

Abstract Information

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Please indicate below if your study was a "resting state" or "task-activation” study.

Resting state

Healthy subjects only or patients (note that patient studies may also involve healthy subjects):

Patients

Was this research conducted in the United States?

Were any human subjects research approved by the relevant Institutional Review Board or ethics panel? NOTE: Any human subjects studies without IRB approval will be automatically rejected.

Yes

Were any animal research approved by the relevant IACUC or other animal research panel? NOTE: Any animal studies without IACUC approval will be automatically rejected.

Not applicable

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EEG/ERP

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SPM

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Nicaragua