Poster No:
17
Submission Type:
Abstract Submission
Authors:
Paul Dux1, Matilda Gordon1, Shane Ehrhardt1, Reuben Rideaux2, Małgorzata Marjańska3, Dinesh Deelchand3, Zeinab Eftekhari1, Hannah Filmer4
Institutions:
1The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 2University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 3University of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, MN, 4The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland
First Author:
Co-Author(s):
Introduction:
Adaptive decision-making, reflected by fast and accurate sensory-motor mapping, is characteristic of successful interaction with our environment. Learning is crucial for the development of such decision-making processes and this, in turn, has been linked to the balance of excitatory (glutamate) and inhibitory (γ-aminobutyric acid [GABA]) neurochemicals in the cortex. Learning is not a unitary phenomenon and occurs across distinct time scales. Key neurochemicals may be involved in different phases of learning, however the mechanisms are not yet understood. Further, how interventions like transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) relate to learning phases and neurochemical concentrations remains unclear.
Methods:
Here, we assess how neurochemical balance is associated with the impact of brain stimulation on early- and later-phase sensory-motor mapping/learning using in vivo 7 T ultra-high field magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the right motor cortex (M1), right intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and left prefrontal cortex (PFC). Specifically, offline cathodal tDCS was employed during a session featuring a single-dual task decision-making paradigm, assessed pre-stimulation, immediately post stimulation (early learning) and 20 minutes post-stimulation (late learning).
Results:
tDCS modulations of sensory-motor learning for both the single- and dual-task trials were associated with neurochemical balance in the right IPS during early learning, whereas this shifted to the right M1 for later learning during the session.
Conclusions:
Collectively, the present results shed light on the neurochemical mechanisms at play as sensory-response mapping shifts from executive to motoric operations.
Brain Stimulation:
Non-invasive Electrical/tDCS/tACS/tRNS 1
Learning and Memory:
Skill Learning 2
Keywords:
Cognition
FUNCTIONAL MRI
GABA
Glutamate
Learning
MRI
1|2Indicates the priority used for review
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Please indicate below if your study was a "resting state" or "task-activation” study.
Task-activation
Healthy subjects only or patients (note that patient studies may also involve healthy subjects):
Healthy subjects
Was this research conducted in the United States?
No
Were any human subjects research approved by the relevant Institutional Review Board or ethics panel?
NOTE: Any human subjects studies without IRB approval will be automatically rejected.
Yes
Were any animal research approved by the relevant IACUC or other animal research panel?
NOTE: Any animal studies without IACUC approval will be automatically rejected.
Not applicable
Please indicate which methods were used in your research:
Functional MRI
Behavior
Other, Please specify
-
tDCS
For human MRI, what field strength scanner do you use?
7T
Which processing packages did you use for your study?
SPM
Other, Please list
-
LCModel
Provide references using APA citation style.
not applicable
No