Right inferior frontal and parietal cortices play distinct roles in kinesthetic illusory awareness
Poster No:
2017
Submission Type:
Abstract Submission
Authors:
Ozge Ozlem Saracbasi1,2, Tomoyo Morita1,2, Eiichi Naito1,2
Institutions:
1Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), Osaka, Japan, 2Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences,Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
First Author:
Ozge Ozlem Saracbasi
Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet)|Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences,Osaka University
Osaka, Japan|Osaka, Japan
Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet)|Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences,Osaka University
Osaka, Japan|Osaka, Japan
Co-Author(s):
Tomoyo Morita
Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet)|Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences,Osaka University
Osaka, Japan|Osaka, Japan
Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet)|Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences,Osaka University
Osaka, Japan|Osaka, Japan
Eiichi Naito
Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet)|Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences,Osaka University
Osaka, Japan|Osaka, Japan
Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet)|Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences,Osaka University
Osaka, Japan|Osaka, Japan
Introduction:
Bodily awareness is one of the forms of human consciousness, and the right inferior fronto-parietal cortices have been shown to be involved in kinesthetic awareness (Naito et al., 2007, Amemiya et al., 2016). Although distinct roles have been suggested between the frontal and parietal cortices (Naito et al., 2016, 2017), this has never been proven substantially. This study aimed to elucidate this functional difference using tendon vibration of the foot that elicits kinesthetic illusory experience of plantar flexion.
Methods:
52 healthy right-footed young adults (age: 21.2 ± 1.4 years, 22 males) participated. The study protocol was approved by the NICT Ethics Committee, and the MRI Safety Committee of the CiNet (no. 2003260010). The study was conducted according to the principles and guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki (1975). Before the experiment, experimental details were explained to each participant, and they provided written informed consent. Functional images were collected using T2*weighted gradient echo-planar imaging (EPI) with a 3.0-Tesla MRI scanner for each participant. Each participant completed four sessions, each of which composed of five 15-sec tendon-vibration and five 15-sec bone-vibration (control) epochs. Either the tendon of the tibialis anterior muscle or the nearby bone of the right foot was vibrated with a non-magnetic vibrator (110 Hz). Unlike our series of previous studies, in this study, the participants were not familiar with the illusion before entering the scanner. Brain activity was measured with no prior knowledge of illusion during sessions 1 and 2 (s1,2), and after the knowledge was given during sessions 3 and 4 (s3,4). We conducted contrast analysis and generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) analysis. We identified significant brain regions within the regions active when another group of 57 young adults experienced illusory plantar flexion of the right foot.
Results:
22 participants (Aware-Aware: A-A group) reported illusory foot movement (Fig. 1A) no matter when they got the knowledge (s3,4) or not (s1,2). In contrast, 30 participants (Unaware-Aware: U-A group) reported the illusion only after they got the knowledge (s3,4) but not before (s1,2). During sessions 3 and 4 wherein both groups experienced the illusion, the foot section of the left primary motor cortex (M1), bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA), right inferior parietal lobule (IPL), right inferior frontal cortex (area 44), and bilateral anterior insula were activated. During sessions 1 and 2, A-A group showed significantly stronger activity in the left M1 foot section, bilateral SMA, and right IPL than U-A group (Red regions in Fig. 1B; left panel in Fig. 1C), meaning that these regions are associated with kinesthetic awareness in a bottom-up manner with no prior knowledge of illusion. In contrast, activity in the right area 44 significantly increased when U-A group experienced the illusion after they got the knowledge compared to before, which was not observed in A-A group (Blue region in Fig. 1B; right panel in Fig. 1C), suggesting the right area 44 is related to monitoring/seeking relevant information for the expected illusion in a top-down manner. Finally, gPPI analysis revealed that the right IPL and area 44 enhanced their functional coupling with the foot section of the left M1 when U-A group experienced the illusion after they got the knowledge than before, compared to A-A group (Green regions in Fig. 1B), suggesting that functional coupling between the right IPL and the left M1 is augmented even when people experience the illusion in a top-down manner.
·Fig.1. Results of the study. A: Illusory angle B: Results of contrast analysis and connectivity (gPPI) analysis. C: Averaged brain activity obtained from right IPL and right area 44.
Conclusions:
Kinesthetic awareness can be spontaneously elicited through bottom-up kinesthetic processing, which can be assisted by top-down process of active monitoring/seeking relevant information, and the right IPL is involved in the former and the right area 44 in the latter.
Modeling and Analysis Methods:
Activation (eg. BOLD task-fMRI)
Connectivity (eg. functional, effective, structural)
Novel Imaging Acquisition Methods:
BOLD fMRI 2
Perception, Attention and Motor Behavior:
Consciousness and Awareness 1
Keywords:
Consciousness
FUNCTIONAL MRI
Motor
Other - Illusory Awareness, Right hemisphere
1|2Indicates the priority used for review
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Provide references using APA citation style.
Amemiya, K., & Naito, E. (2016). Importance of human right inferior frontoparietal network connected by inferior branch of superior longitudinal fasciculus tract in corporeal awareness of kinesthetic illusory movement. Cortex, 78, 15-30.
Naito, E., Morita, T., & Amemiya, K. (2016). Body representations in the human brain revealed by kinesthetic illusions and their essential contributions to motor control and corporeal awareness. Neuroscience Research, 104, 16-30.
Naito, E., Morita, T., Saito, D. N., Ban, M., Shimada, K., Okamoto, Y., ... & Asada, M. (2017). Development of right-hemispheric dominance of inferior parietal lobule in proprioceptive illusion task. Cerebral Cortex, 27(11), 5385-5397.