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Signatures of Neurodiversity in Brain Mode Occupancy

Poster No:

1406

Submission Type:

Abstract Submission

Authors:

Vânia Miguel¹, Miguel Farinha², Álvaro Deleglise³, Joana Cabral¹

Institutions:

¹Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, ²Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom, ³Institute of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina

First Author:

Vânia Miguel
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho
Braga, Portugal

Co-Author(s):

Miguel Farinha
Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford
United Kingdom

Álvaro Deleglise
Institute of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Buenos Aires
Argentina

Joana Cabral
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho
Braga, Portugal

Introduction:

Despite surging consistently and recurrently in brain activity, the relationship between resting-state networks and diverse cognitive and behavioural phenotypes remains unclear. While evidence points to a direct relation with altered states of consciousness and psychiatric syndromes, metrics that capture relevant characteristics are needed, not only to potentiate biomarking precision but also to gain a deeper understanding of their organizing principles and roles in cognition and behaviour.

Methods:

In this study, we analyzed fMRI scans from n=437 Autism Spectrum Individuals (ASI) and n=508 typically-developing controls at rest, from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE I). We used Leading Eigenvector Dynamics Analysis (LEiDA) to detect coupling modes recurring over time and across scans, and quantify their probability of occurrence, or occupancy, in each scan.

Results:

Compared to controls, AS participants exhibited significantly different occupancy of two coupling modes shaping the Default Mode Network (pcorrected<0.00001) and the Frontoparietal Network (pcorrected<0.001). The occupancy of these modes was further found to correlate with Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores and behavioural scores.

Supporting Image: Figure_k16_c5_vertical_ohbm_v2.png

Conclusions:

The significant relations with mode occupancy indicate a mechanistic link between spontaneous brain activity and cognitive and behavioural phenotypes defining neurodiversity. Beyond its potential utility as a diagnostic tool, these findings reveal mechanistic insight into how brain networks achieve their complex spatiotemporal organization. Through the public release of code repositories available in MATLAB and Python implementations, LEiDA offers the neuroimaging community a powerful tool to further investigate hidden relationships between network occupancy and clinical and non-clinical scores.

Disorders of the Nervous System:

Neurodevelopmental/ Early Life (eg. ADHD, autism)

Modeling and Analysis Methods:

Connectivity (eg. functional, effective, structural) ²

fMRI Connectivity and Network Modeling ¹

Keywords:

Autism

Computational Neuroscience

Data analysis

FUNCTIONAL MRI

Open Data

Other - LEiDA

^1|2Indicates the priority used for review

Abstract Information

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Please indicate below if your study was a "resting state" or "task-activation” study.

Resting state

Healthy subjects only or patients (note that patient studies may also involve healthy subjects):

Patients

Was this research conducted in the United States?

Were any human subjects research approved by the relevant Institutional Review Board or ethics panel? NOTE: Any human subjects studies without IRB approval will be automatically rejected.

Yes

Were any animal research approved by the relevant IACUC or other animal research panel? NOTE: Any animal studies without IACUC approval will be automatically rejected.

Not applicable

Please indicate which methods were used in your research:

Functional MRI

Provide references using APA citation style.

Cabral, J. (2017). Cognitive performance in healthy older adults relates to spontaneous switching between states of functional connectivity during rest. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 5135.
Lord, L.D. (2019). Dynamical exploration of the repertoire of brain networks at rest is modulated by psilocybin. NeuroImage, 199, 127-142.
Vohryzek, J. (2020). Ghost attractors in spontaneous brain activity: Recurrent excursions into functionally-relevant BOLD phase-locking states. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 14, 20.

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