Clinical Applications of Neuroimaging informed Brain Stimulation

Individualized fMRI-based, precision targeting has been highlighted in recent studies and FDA-approvals, higher reported effect sizes compared to previous approaches. In addition to neuroimaging-based precision approaches, broader and deeper stimulation profiles have also shown promise, particularly in the area of addiction. These broader and deeper stimulation techniques may increase and accelerate clinical applications for a wider range of patients. Additionally, more recent studies have highlighted the importance of context and neural circuit engagement during stimulation. This is an ideal bridge for the NIBS field to transition from neuroscience mechanisms to clinical application of neuroimaging informed brain stimulation. In this talk I will provide a step by step guide on how to develop provocation protocols to engage the neural circuit of interest for neuromodulation procedures, and those that may be of most relevance to clinical applications. In addition, I will highlight methods to verify neural target engagement and modulation and how that relates to clinical outcomes, such as relapse, in the context of addiction.