Real-time neurofeedback: Considerations for fMRI data acquisition and imaging protocol at ultra-high field

There are many considerations when designing a fMRI neurofeedback study with respect to optimal MRI protocol design. Key drivers in the parameter choice are the different types of feedback, as well as real-time motion correction and additional preprocessing steps which place additional constraints that affect temporal and spatial resolution of the EPI acquisition.
This educational presentation will firstly discuss briefly the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) contrast origins. It will then take the researchers through the MR spin relaxation considerations, EPI sequence parameters (e.g., echo time, repetition time, bandwidth and phase encode direction), signal to noise, acceleration techniques, spatial and temporal resolution selection, with respect to NFB at varied field strengths. Finally, the presentation will overview how all these aspects are brought together to decide on an imaging strategy that ultimately optimises neural feedback.